Cholesterol is good for you

In discussing the cell membrane and important molecules involved in its functionality, the importance of cholesterol to developmental proteins is an interesting topic. Vanderbilt University Medical Center researchers have discovered in mice that a lack of cholesterol during early development can cause additional digits to grow or digits to grow in the wrong location. There has previously been inconsistent data in relation to cholesterol’s role in the development of appendages, but this new research helps to better understand the developmental proteins. The specific gene in question, the Sonic hedgehog gene (named after a videogame character), is created “by a specialized group of cells located at the posterior part of the developing limb bud, which eventually develops into the pinkie finger or toe.” This gene is unique because it will not work properly unless a cholesterol molecule is attached to it. In order to test the effectiveness of the gene, a mutant Sonic hedgehog gene was tested to which cholesterol could not attach. Without cholesterol, these genes were dispersed in areas of the limb bud where they would not typically travel. This causes additional digits to appear where they normally would not, an affliction known as polydactyly. Problems with this gene can also be involved in a number of human conditions, including cancer. Further research of Sonic hedgehog gene and the importance of cholesterol can give better insight into embryo development and the prevention of related diseases.

Article: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/04/060421234231.htm